Metabolic pathways

Overview

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Energy from Carbohydrates
1. Glycolysis (breaks 1 glucose into 2 pyruvate)

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2. Pyruvate to Aceytl co-A

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3. Acetyl co-A into the Kreb's cycle

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4. FADH2 and NADH go into electron transport chain for oxidative phosphorylation (see post on this topic)

Energy from Proteins
1. Break into Amino Acids (hydrolysis)
2. Transamination: transfering the amino group to a carrier (amino acceptor)

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3. Deamination: take the amino group OFF and send it to be made into urea.  What's left over can be put into the Krebs cycle (alpha-ketoglutarate is one of the steps of Krebs).

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4. Can go straight from Amino Acids to Acetyl co-A then put that into Kreb's cycle
5. Can synthesize glucose out of amino acids when needed, which can then be used or stored as above in the section on carbs


Energy from Fats
1. Triglycerides can be broken down into glycerol and fatty acids
2. Glycerol can be used to make glucose (gluconeogenesis) in the liver
3. Fatty acids can be oxidized into Acetyl-coA (fatty acid oxidation) to go into the Krebs cycle, and harvest energy from there
 

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